Arte, gênero e memória: o uso do patrimônio chileno da arpilleria como instrumento de resistência política pelas mulheres do Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragem do Vale do Guapiaçu (RJ)

Abstract

The purpose of this of dissertation is to investigate the use of the Chilean heritage of the arpilleria as an instrument of political resistance by woman who are part of the Movement of People Affected by the Dam of Cachoeiras de Macacu, city that makes up the region of Rio de Janeiro. As a Chilean cultural heritage, the arpillera technique was signified by Brazilian woman with regard to the materials used and recontextualized according to their demands related to the issue of the impacts caused by implementation of the COMPERJ DAM in the municipality. The present work is based on the collective memory of the MAB female farmers who are expressed in the arpillera and is underlying their technique. The know-how that permeates the tapestry keeps, through the technique, layers of memory inscribed on the body of the artisan that are expressed through the movements of his hands in the making of objects the before referring to the utility, they produce languages that reveal a symbolic dimension informing about the time and the conditions in which they were produced. Among the guiding axes for the analysis of the use of arpilleria by the women who produce them in contemporary art and the strategies against hegemony linked to the concepts of sustainable development, ecofeminism, agroecology and food sovereignty defended by Via Campesina and ONU as alternatives of resistance to developmentism that legitimized the implementation of dams and their environmental impacts and social effects on rural populations, as well as power relations implied in the binomial capitalism/patriarchy that permeate class and, mainly, gender relations in the rural world.