Estilos parentais no desenvolvimento das funções executivas

Abstract

Parental relationships are extremely important for child development, because through them, parents are able to influence their children on certain practices, attributing their beliefs and values to this, and it is through family interactions that the neuropsychosocial development of individuals occurs, a since the brain is continually modified both positively and negatively by environmental experience. The development of executive functions (EF) is related to autonomous decision-making and managing and reflecting behaviors through social interactions. The present study sought to investigate parenting styles and the development of executive functions in children in early childhood. Parental educational practices were used as a theoretical basis, classified as excellent, regular above average, regular below average and risk, addressed by Gomide. Those responsible for 12 children between four and six years old participated in this research, half of them living in Seropédica and the other half living in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A sociodemographic questionnaire, Parenting Styles Inventory (IEP), Child Executive Functioning Inventory (IFEI) and Dimensional Inventory of Child Development Assessment (IDADI) were used. In view of the results, it was possible to observe relevant socioeconomic factors such as education and family income of the participants, as well as the importance of parenting styles for cognitive development, in particular, the development of executive functions. In this way, the findings may contribute to the deepening of the theme in the field of neuropsychology.