Eficácia do Fipronil Oral e do Nitempiram Oral e Tópico no Controle de Ctenocephalides felis felis em Cães

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of different concentrations and formulations of fipronil and nitenpyram in the control of Ctenocephalides felis felis in dogs. The animals used belonged to the Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária (LQEPV), Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Specimens of C. f. felis used in the infestations were from the colony maintained in LQEPV. The pulicide efficacy of topical formulations of nitenpyram 10% in dogs was 100% of the day +2 to day +21. On days +28, +35, +42 and +49 efficiencies were 99.59, 96, 89, 92.70 and 65% respectively. The pulicide efficacy of topical formulations of nitenpyram 15% in dogs was 100, 99.78, 100, 100, 99.59, 98.80, 94.96 and 76 09% for days +2, +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42 and +49 respectively. For the group that received topical formulation nitenpyram 20% the pulicide efficiency was 100% of the day +2 to day +28 and 99.76, 98.49 and 89.35 for the day +35, +42 and +49 respectively. Such formulations of nitenpyram demonstrated that when administered topically at concentrations above obtained satisfactory levels of efficacy and long residual period against reinfestation by C. f. felis. For the study that assessed the nitenpyram administered orally in control of C. f. felis in dogs the formulation of 1% (1mg.kg-1) showed an efficacy of 100% on day +2 and day +7 was 24.29%. The formulation of administered orally 5% (5mg.kg-1) the efficacy was 100% for day +2 and 57.01% for the day +7. When nitenpyram was administered orally 10% (10mg.kg- 1) the efficacy was 100, 91.59 and 61.45% for days +2, +7 and +14 respectively. The nitenpyram when administered orally demonstrated pulicide efficacy for a short period, not to have residual period. For the study of fipronil administered orally in control of C. f. felis in dogs with the formulation 2mg.kg-1 showed an efficacy of 100% on day +2 and day +7 was 83.79%. When fipronil was administered orally at a dose of 4mg.kg-1efficacy was 88.34 to 67.98% for day +2 and day +7 respectively. Fipronil provided orally at a dose of 6mg.kg-1 was effective in 97.88, 95.27, 88.75 and 71.43% for days +2, +7, +14 and +21 respectively. Therefore fipronil when administered orally in dogs has limited efficacy in control of C. f. felis, and is not suitable for a long-term control, may be suitable for rapid elimination of fleas on the host.