Fungos micorrízicos e substratos na formação de mudas de espécies da mata atlântica

Abstract

Mycorrhizal fungi are obligatory briotrophic organisms, which need to be associated with a metabolically active root system to develop their life cycle. However, with the change of the fungus species and its host, different results can be obtained. The study aimed to study the mycorrhizal dependence of different species, present in a forest fragment in Pinheiral-RJ. The work is structured in three chapters. The objectives of the study were: 1) To test the mycorrhizal dependence of the native forest species of the study area; 2) To detail the interaction between generalist species and FMA species inoculated on the substrate; 3) Perform tests with different substrates to evaluate the development of the selected species. In chapter I, mycorrhizal dependence was analyzed for Apuleia leiocarpa (Garapa), which obtained high mycorrhizal dependence and its response to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi is dependent on the fungus species that is colonizing the roots of the plant. In chapter II, the mycorrhizal dependence of the species Pata de vaca (Bauhinia forficata Link), Imbiruçu (Pseudobombax grandiflorum (Cav.) A. Robyns) and Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) were analyzed, finding three distinct scenarios between species, where only the species Bauhinia forficata did not respond to mycorrhizal fungi. In Chapter III, the best species of Cap II were tested for their inoculated development on different substrates. The species presented similar patterns of response. The best results were obtained using the compositions containing bovine manure and the highest proportions of Cambisol and Biomix. This pattern is probably due to the physical and chemical factors of the formulated substrate.